What is Research and What are the steps in that?

The word work consists of two syllables, “re” and “search”. The dictionary describes the former as a prefix meaning again, new or new, and the latter as a verb, meaning to be studied closely and carefully, checked and evaluated, or recovered. Together, they form a noun representing thorough, systematic, patient study, and analysis in a given field of knowledge undertaken to develop facts or principles (Grinnell 1993). The simplistic sense of research is the search for truth, the answer to the research question, and the solution to the problem.

Definition: Research is a careful and detailed study into a specific problem, concern, or issue using the scientific method.

Steps of Research:

1. Selection of Topic:

This is the basic stage of all research processes and the most important step for identifying a problem is asking a question of identifying a need. All other steps in the research process will be influenced by research problem identification. So its extremely important that you should consider time, cost, the expertise you have in the field of research you have chosen.

2. Review of literature:

Review of literature is the second step of the research method. Now, what is a review of the literature? It is the theory that has been written on a particular topic for example if I want to do research on possible causes of the Heart attack I need to read a lot about the Heart attack before I can start with my research. I need to look at other researchers and their findings who have either done something in the field of Heart attack or who’ve done some similar kind of research.

• it gives an idea about the variables which have been found previously.

3. Development of Hypothesis:

Hypotheses are a possible or tentative answer to a question and a tentative answer which you are having in your mind before you even start the research now this answer can be proven true or false by the end of the research. The hypotheses are generally derived from earlier research findings existing theories, and personal observations and experiences.

4. Forming Research Design:

Research Design steps involve the development of a research plan for carrying out the study, there are numbers of alternative research design the choice will largely depend on the research purpose.

5. Data Collection:

After deciding the tools for the study the researcher also decides about the participants of the study. Usually, a small sample is drawn which represents the population. The participants could be children, adolescents, college students, teachers, managers, clinical patients, or any group of the individual in whom/where the phenomenon under investigation is prevalent. Depending on the nature of the research problem a researcher may choose a particular method (e.g. observation, experiment, case study, and survey) for data collection.

6. Data Analysis:

The raw data need to be edited, tabulated, and analyzed to find the result. The method used may be manual or computer-based. The analysis plan follows from the research objective of the study.

7. Drawing conclusion:

During this phase, hypotheses are accepted or rejected. After the Data Analysis, we will get an idea about our research data and we need to draw some conclusions.

8. Report Making:

In most research studies this is the final step. The researcher documents all the steps of his or her research, in clear terms, this report informs the world what you have done, what you have discovered, and what conclusions you have drawn from the findings. If you’re clear about the whole process, you’ll also be clear about how you want to write in your report.